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With the ever rising demand for the minerals and metals, the need for surface mining is increasing and has lead to a direct positive effect on the surface mining market. According to EIA the world coal consumption is increasing at the rate of 1.3% per year, which is extracted mostly from the surface and the underground activities. As per the report of Hartman and Mutmansky (2002), in USA the surface mining contributes about 85% of all mineral exploitation (metallic ore 98%, non metallic ore 97% and coal 61%). Beside coal, the demand for other minerals and metals such as gold, chromium, nickel and iron ore is also rising, hence we can think of the overall positive impact on the surface mining market.

Anthracite is a hard and compact variety of coal that has the highest content of carbon amongst all types of coals. With fewer impurities & highest calorific value there is a global increase in anthracite’s demand which is escalating the anthracite coal mining market. It accounts for only 1% of the total world’s coal reserves. Residue left over after the combustion of anthracite has fewer impurities with negligible smoke compared to other varieties of coal which makes it an efficient fuel. The global market for anthracite coal mining keeps on changing and evolving based on new partnerships, acquisitions or new players. There is a fundamental shift in the mineral resources market where the traditional producers and suppliers are diverting supplies to domestic consumers and are focusing on its imports.

Copper denoted by the symbol Cu is a ductile metal with very high electrical and thermal conductivity. Copper is soft and malleable in its pure form and is used to fabricate pipes and cables. Copper finds application in various building material, high speed data transmission, solar energy, storage of nuclear waste, superconductor and metal alloys. Copper compounds are also used as fungicides, wood preservatives and bacteriostatic substances.

Cosmetic procedures include elective surgical as well as nonsurgical procedures performed to reshape normal structures of the body. These procedures and cosmetic products are carried out to improve appearance of an individual thereby boosting self-confidence and self-esteem. The global market for cosmetic procedures and products is expanding both in terms of value and number of procedures performed annually. Several industry experts quote that ageing population, growing acceptance of cosmetic surgery, and interest of people for aesthetic reasons are the prime factors responsible for the market growth.

Adhesive bandage, also known as sticking plaster, is a wound care dressing product that is utilized as small dressing. Adhesive bandages are applied on the patients who have not undergone serious accident but have minor abrasion (scratches) and cut on their body. The most widely utilized term for adhesive bandage by Americans is Band-Aid or Bandage; however, the British population terms them as plaster. Adhesive bandage help protect the cut or abrasion from bacteria, damage, friction and dirt and thus, results in quick healing process of the wound. It also helps hold the skin’s two cut ends together and hence fasten the healing process.

Biomarkers also known as biological markers are characteristics that are measured in order to assess and predict biological condition of the body and thus help physicians in clinical decision making. Some major diseases which are diagnosed by using biomarkers include diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases. Biomarkers play critical role in identifying and accurate diagnosis of these diseases at early stage and provide better treatment option. Imaging biomarkers can be classified as diagnostic biomarkers, monitoring biomarkers and predictive biomarkers. Diagnostic biomarkers are helpful in predicting a patient’s exact clinical outcome. Monitoring biomarkers provides clinical outcome of a patient after intake of a particular drug while predictive biomarkers help in predicting if a specific drug is likely to change clinical outcome of a patient.

High Performance computing is defined as aggregation of processes for delivering higher and efficient performance as compared to other desktop workstation or computer helping the companies to solve problems related to engineering, business, or science. High performance computers are clusters of more than one processor with node size range from 16 to 64 nodes. High performance computers help to solve problems of recurring and complex operations as individual nodes work together and hence can solve problem more efficiently than one computer. High performance computing has wide applications in various fields such as weather forecasting, molecular modeling, physical simulations, and quantum mechanics. Factors such as economic competitiveness and new product innovations are driving the demand for high performance computing market currently. Moreover recent developments such as cloud based approach in high performance computing market are captivating SMEs (small to medium-sized enterprises) in the market. SMEs using high performance computers would minimize the initial investments for building infrastructure, hardware implementation and thus the high performance computing market is expected to grow exponentially in near future. Globally high performance computing market is experiencing a strong adoption as increase in data centers and huge investment by government is increasing rapidly among the users. High performance computing applications are experiencing a rapid adoption as users are able to solve challenges related to simulation and scientific modeling of different processes and events.

Anti-reflective coatings or anti-reflection (AR) coatings belong to the group of optical coatings which are applied on the surface of lenses and other optical devices for the purpose of reducing reflection. AR coatings typically comprise of single or multiple layers of transparent, silica materials piled together depending upon the end-user application. They are widely employed in the manufacturing of optical devices to improve their transmission and reflection properties. AR coatings are also used in complex systems such as telescopes for the reduction of reflections, improving the contrast of the image with the elimination of stray light. They are also consumed in eyeglass lenses, primarily for the elimination of the reflection to reduce the glint from binoculars. Some major applications for AR coatings include infrastructure, defense/security, electronics, and solar among others.

In 2013, the world consumed more than 1,200 billion liters of packaged liquid food, which was about 3.5% more than the consumption in 2012. The main segments of liquid food were water, soft drinks, dairy products and fruit juices among others. The consumer preference for ready–to-carry liquid food has led to a tremendous growth in the liquid packaging cartons market in the last decade, and this trend is only expected to increase in the forthcoming years. The liquid packaging cartons can be of various sizes, shapes and application types, and are easy to design and model according to the packager’s need.

Cellulosic ethanol which is manufactured using inedible parts of plants, wood and grasses is a biofuel. Lignocellulose basically is a structural material that consists of mass of plants such as hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin. Wood chips, panicum virgatum and some byproducts of tree maintenance are various cellulosic materials used for production of ethanol. Ethanol production form lignocellulose has advantage of abundant raw materials than other sources which include cane sugars and corn. These sources require large amount of processing to provide the microorganisms with sugar monomers that produce ethanol. Owing to high productivity per acre, switchgrass and miscanthus are the key raw materials which are studied in recent times. The two ways in which ethanol can be produced are gasification and fermentation process. The gasification process transforms the lignocellulose raw material into hydrogen and gaseous carbon monoxide. The other process is cellulolysis process in which hydrolysis is carried on pretreated lignocellulosic raw materials with the help of enzymes to break the complex cellulose into sugars that include glucose, which is followed by distillation and fermentation.

Wide number of applications, increasing energy demand, Depleting conventional oil and gas reserves, concerns related to energy security, advancement in exploration and production techniques are some of the major factors driving tight oil market. Whereas, lack of modern technology in emerging countries, high capital requirement and negative environmental impacts are some of the factors restraining the growth of this market.

Cancer is a fatal disease characterized by uncontrolled cell division. It is primarily caused by environmental factors that mutate the gene encoding for cell regulation. The resultant cell aberration leads to abnormal cell growth that destroys the surrounding normal tissue and thus spreads the disease to vital organs. Cancer diagnosis is performed in a number of ways that include screening tests and medical imaging. According to WHO, cancer is one of the leading cause of death and is estimated to account for 11.5 million deaths in 2030 worldwide. Cancer diagnosis is performed in a number of ways that include screening tests and medical imaging. Nowadays, profiling of tumor is done to gain knowledge about patient’s cancer profile and genomic alterations that help physicians to guide a patient with most appropriate therapy. Additionally, profiling also helps physicians to remove therapies which are unlikely to be successful and thus reduces the errors and trial process.

Biopharmaceutical industry is one of the major contributors in global economic progress. Due to globalization, outsourcing of the biopharmaceutical processes has increased to great extent. Complexity of processes and technology oriented industry companies started finding it feasible for outsourcing processes to experts. Outsourcing also helped corporate in cost reduction and better focus on core business segments. Once considered as a cost saving alternative, outsourcing of biopharmaceutical business is now a strategic decision.

Spectroscopy is one of the most advanced and famous analytical technologies used extensively in large number of fields, from healthcare to manufacturing. Spectroscopy is the measurement of interaction between radiated energies emitted by certain matter. The spectroscopy is considered as a function of wavelength. In spectroscopic studies, electromagnetic radiations are allowed to pass through the sample to be analyzed; the sample molecules absorb only those wavelengths which can convert their energy level, from ground state to excited state. The detector installed on other side of device, records and analyzes the wavelengths which were absorbed and their respective proportion.

Barite also known as barite or barium sulfate is among the abundantly available minerals. The mineral is available in various colors and is available as transparent or opaque and is crystalline in nature. Barite deposits can be bifurcated into three major types namely vein & cavity fillings, residual and bedded.

Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon extracted from crude oil. Major derivatives of benzene include cumene, ethylbenzene, alkylbenzene, nitrobenzene, cyclohaxane, chlorobenzene, phenol, aniline and toluene. Benzene & its derivatives are widely used as a feedstock in manufacturing of various chemicals.

Ever increasing demand of coal in sectors such as power & other metal manufacturing industries, urbanization, increasing oil prices, increase in extracting capacity and technological advancements are some of the major drivers for the global coal washery industry. Additional cost associated with coal washery, composition of raw feeds and absence of incentives schemes to the miner are some of the factors restraining growth of this industry.

Medical nonwoven disposables are important products in the global healthcare industry as they provide hygiene benefits over the woven fabrics. Woven fabrics used in hospitals, clinics and physician offices are vulnerable to hospital acquired infections (HAIs) and other infections such as AIDs and hepatitis. Medical nonwoven disposables prevent transmission of these infections to some extent since they are soon disposed of. Therefore, the increasing awareness about these infections and efforts to control these infections are driving the global market for medical nonwoven disposables market.

Laboratory plasticware are equipment made up of polymers having variety of applications with respect to laboratory or research centers. The laboratory plasticware market has significantly evolved itself in past few decades in terms of material composition, design and application. Laboratory plasticware encompasses number of advantages such as being unbreakable in nature enhances its applicability with respect to handling radioactive isotopes, hazardous and carcinogenic chemicals or substances. The inherent characteristics of the equipment include environmental friendliness, reusability, thermostability and safety of laboratory personnel in case of accidents has upsurge the global market for laboratory plasticware as compared to the global glassware market in past.

Survival Center, an online retailer of survival and emergency supplies, announced that the company took the top spot in a recent Internet poll of consumers. Conducted by survival-industry publisher Peak 10 Publishing, the poll asked respondents to pick the best overall online survival gear store. Survival Center's number-one finish in the poll, company representatives say, is a reflection of its excellent selection, low prices, and superb customer service.

Visiting Vietnam can be a life changing experience- it is a place of breathtaking natural beauty, fascinating culture and moreover, extremely affordable to most from western developed nations. Getting into Vietnam however can be a nightmare if holidaymakers forget to make the proper preparations. Trekasie is a website with a detailed resource center on how to go about arranging both and invitation letter from the immigration service and a visa, now offering the cheapest possible visa on arrival from local travel agent Minh Anh Travel for less than ten American dollars.

If one wants to truly experience Chateau de Canisy there are some great promotions available which provide not only the once in a life time experience of staying at Chateau de Canisy, but also some of its gastronomic and historical experiences on offer.

CB passive income license program is the revolutionary business inside-a-box software program which can help anyone in generating a sustainable and passive income for his or her self. This highly efficient income generating program is created and introduced by Patric Chan.

Tinnitus, often referred to as "ringing of the ear," is a disease characterized by hearing sounds when such sounds aren't actually present. Despite its common name, these sounds take far more forms than rings. Engine noise, such as the rumble of trains or the sound of motorcycles, is also prevalent. Roaring wind noise can also be heard.

White Mulberry Leaf Extract has been used in Ayurvedic Hindu medicine and traditional Chinese medicine for centuries for treatment of a wide range of health problems. The white mulberry is a plant native to China and it is popularly known as the food of choice of silk worms. Both the leaves and the fruit of the plant are edible and used for different purposes including medicinal uses, cooking and eating raw.