Albany, NY -- (SBWIRE) -- 04/13/2018 -- Rickettsia is an intracellular gram-negative bacteria generally found in ticks, mites, lice, fleas, chiggers, and mammals. Rickettsial infection is mostly caused by various bacterial species such as genera Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Orienta, Neoehrlichia, Neorickettsia, and Anaplasma. Rickettsia species can be broadly categorized into the typhus group and spotted fever group. The most common rickettsial diseases include rock mountain spotted fever, epidemic typhus, murine typhus, scrub typhus, and rickettsialpox. Rickettsial diseases generally spread during the warmer months of spring and summer, and are mostly acquired in the endemic areas. Rickettsia pathogens are transmitted via biting of ecto-parasites such as fleas, mites, ticks and lice.

Diagnosis of rickettsia infection is majorly done using serological assays such as indirect immunofluorescence, complement fixation, indirect hemagglutination, enzyme immunoassay, PCR assays, and skin biopsy of the infected area. Common symptoms of rickettsia infection include sudden fever, chills, and swelling of the lymph nodes. Tetracyclines are generally the first line and most commonly used antibiotics for rickettsia infection. Treatment of rickettsia infection is started with doxycycline 200 mg PO once, followed by 100 mg bid until the patients show some kind of improvement. In other cases, Chloramphenicol 500 mg PO or IV can prove to be a better option; however, its usage has been associated with severe side effects.

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Ciprofloxacin and other fluoroquinolone are also effective against certain types of rickettsia; however, for this more clinical studies are required. Anti-rickettsial drugs can cause certain adverse side effects. Tetracycline increases the sensitivity to sunlight, discoloration of bone and teeth. Chloramphenicol can cause bone marrow suppression, severe allergic reactions, blood dyscrasias, neurotoxic reactions, gray syndrome, and gastrointestinal reactions. Ciprofloxacin can cause dizziness, fainting, watery, and bloody diarrhea. The geriatric and pediatric population is more prone to rickettsia infections due to low immunity levels.

Rise in prevalence and increase in patients suffering from rickettsial infections globally are likely to drive the global anti-rickettsial treatment market. Additionally, high cost of treatment, increase in public awareness about new treatment options, advancement in treatment facilities, and favorable reimbursement policies for high-cost therapies are expected to propel the market. Moreover, periodic launch of effective drugs is anticipated to augment the global anti-rickettsial treatment market during the forecast period. However, inadequate medical facilities for proper diagnosis of the disease in the underdeveloped countries is projected to restrain the anti-rickettsial treatment market in these countries.

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The global anti-rickettsial treatment market can be segmented based on treatment type, route of administration, distribution channel, and region. In terms of treatment type, the market can be categorized into broad spectrum antibiotics, quinolones, and vaccines. Based on route of administration, the global anti-rickettsial treatment market can be classified into oral and intravenous. In terms of distribution channel, the global market can be divided into online pharmacies, retail pharmacies, and hospital pharmacies.

Geographically, the global anti-rickettsial treatment market can be segmented into North America, Europe, Latin America, Asia Pacific, and Middle East & Africa. North America is expected to account for major share of the global market in 2016, due to the presence of multi-drug resistant rickettsia pathogens and high incidence rate of rickettsial infections among people in the region. Europe is likely to be the second largest market in 2016, due to increase in research and development activities and awareness and availability of improved medications in the region.

The anti-rickettsial treatment market in Asia Pacific is projected to expand rapidly during the forecast period. Growth of the market in the region is attributed to rise in awareness levels, developing health care infrastructure, and increase in purchasing power of people in the region. The market in Middle East & Africa and Latin America is anticipated to be driven by rise in prevalence of these infections.

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Key players operating in the global anti-rickettsial treatment market are Pfizer, Inc., Ningxia Qiyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Novartis AG, Sanofi, Aqua Pharmaceuticals, Mayne Pharma, LGM Pharm, Brodspec Ventures Ltd., and IntraDerm Pharmaceuticals, among others.