Albany, NY -- (SBWIRE) -- 07/08/2014 -- Ever increasing demand of coal in sectors such as power & other metal manufacturing industries, urbanization, increasing oil prices, increase in extracting capacity and technological advancements are some of the major drivers for the global coal washery industry. Additional cost associated with coal washery, composition of raw feeds and absence of incentives schemes to the miner are some of the factors restraining growth of this industry.

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Almost half of the worlds energy demand over the past decades was fulfilled by coal. In fact coal has been the world’s fastest energy source driven by Asian demand and regional abundance of fuel. Coal washery is an establishment where coal is alienated from slate and different impurities through various mechanical processes which utilize water and take gain of the difference in the specific gravity and its impurities of coal. The more impurities or waste material is removed from the coal the greater is the market value and lower ash content. Earlier coking coal was only washed as it was used in steel manufacturing with an ash content of 17-18 % but new environment regulations has put restriction on high ash content coal in power and other industries which necessitates the priority of washing non coking coal also.

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The segmentation of the market can be done on the basis of Wet and Dry processes. In the initial stage crushing is done to reduce the size of extracted coal and making it suitable for washing. Size reduction technique involves various processes such as intact, shearing, compression, splitting and attrition. After crushing screening process is done for the separation of heterogeneous particle. Different types of screens are used such as scalping screen, raw coal sizing screen, pre-wet screen, heavy media recovery screen, desliming screen and dewatering screen. Next process for cleaning of coal is through Jigs.

The method is operated on the basis of difference in specific gravity. Jigs offer cost effective technology with clean coal yield of 70-85%. Froth Floatation is the most widely used technique for cleaning coal. It utilizes the difference in the surface characteristics of coal and reuses it to clean ultra fine coal. The mixture of coal and water is conditioned with chemical reagents so that air bubbles will stick on the coal and floats on the top, while the reused particles sink. This cleaning technique is generally expensive and complex and is majorly for metallurgical coal. In launder process raw coal is fed into the high end of a trough with a stream of water. As the mixture of water and coal flows down, particles with the maximum settling speed settle down into the lower strata of the stream. The dirt free coal particles settle into the upper strata before separation.

Some of the key players in the coal washery market are Phil Group Coal Washeries, Larsen and Tubro Limited, China Metallurgical Engineering & Project Corporation, CLI Corporation and Adhunik Group among others.

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