Albany, NY -- (SBWIRE) -- 03/13/2015 -- What we generally describe as air is actually a mixture of different gases that make up the atmosphere around the earth. For the most of it, air consists of oxygen and nitrogen, plus small amount of argon and traces of some other gases.

Many other gases, along with the major constituents of air mentioned above, are required in a variety of industrial operations. Gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, acetylene, helium, argon, krypton, xenon, neon, and a wide variety of mixtures are considered as critical for many manufacturing processes as water for life. It is the use of these gases, referred to as 'industrial gases', that makes processes involved for making everyday products easy.

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Where do these gases come from?

A majority of these industrial gases, viz. oxygen, nitrogen, argon, krypton, xenon and neon are produced from air. Carbon dioxide is collected as a bi-product of many industrial operations and cleaned before use. In some cases, natural underground sources are also utilized for producing carbon dioxide. Other gases like hydrogen, acetone, etc. are manufactured chemically. Helium is produced from underground sources.

Transfer of gases to its end-users:

When required in small quantities, gases are generally stored in pressurized gas cylinders. When required in larger quantities, container tanks are installed at the end-user's plants. Such tanks are commonly used for storing gases such as argon, nitrogen, oxygen or liquid carbon dioxide. Railway tankers and container trucks are used for transporting gases from production bases to end-user sites.

Many major industrial processes such as in the steel industry or chemical companies need such huge amounts of gases that they commonly have air separation units on in their campuses.

Sometimes, pipelines are also used for supplying gases to major facilities within a campus.

As a general rule, more the amount of gas needed by a consumer, shorter the distance should be between the destination and the place where the gas has been produced. Generally stated, gases should be and also are commonly produced at nearby places from their destination, such as near to densely developed industrial places.

Uses of industrial gases:

Industrial gases find a wide array of uses in a range of applications. Their uses differ according to the variety of purity grades and are commonly classified as food gases and medical gases. Gases make industrial processes safer and cost effective while also improving the product quality. Many processes and applications cannot, in fact, be conceived without the chemical processes of gases.

Typical industries where use of gases is vital include automobile, steel, glass and ceramics, metallurgy, food and beverages, chemicals, environmental engineering and research.

Environmental implications

The industry of gas production is largely an environmentally-friendly industry. Except for the production of acetylene and hydrogen, the processes concerned with the production of major industrial gases do not involve any waste products.

Even in the production of acetylene, the waste material produced is lime, most of which is used in treatment of water and some unused amount is disposed off. The production of hydrogen only involves the production of oxygen as a byproduct. Oxygen, as we all know, is naturally present in air and hence, its disposal is not a big issue.

Besides production, there are no major environmental concerns even when gases are used. Oxygen, nitrogen and argon are simply the constituents of air and releasing them back to the air does have any harmful effect on the environment. Hydrogen is also a component of air and is harmless.

The only problem comes with the use and disposal of carbon dioxide and acetylene, but even these two gases, when properly disposed, are not harmful.

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