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Plasma, often referred to as the fourth state of matter, is an ionized or energized gas with an equal number of positive and negative charges. The gas plasma is widely used for inactivation of a wide range of microorganisms present on surgical/medical instruments. Plasma sterilizers are medical devices employed for decontamination of surgical/medical instruments used during surgical and other medical procedures. Different types of gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen peroxide, helium, and neon are used as a source of plasma. Different plasma production methods are applied for elimination or inactivation of microorganisms. Plasma sterilization can be performed either at a low temperature or at a high temperature, depending on the requirement. Plasma sterilization facilitates the sterility assurance level (SAL) of 10–6 and this method offers high material and functional capability. Plasma sterilization provides several advantages over traditional sterilization methods, as it is a safe, non-toxic, time-saving, more rapid, energy efficient, non-thermal method. It does not leave any chemical residues on instruments. Thus, it serves as an alternative for traditional sterilization methods such as autoclaving, gamma ray, electron beam, dry heating, and chemical method.

Post menopause is the period occurred after menopause followed by various syndromes like vaginal dryness, hot flashes, etc. During this period level of estrogen and progestin falls significantly leading to even serious complications like osteoporosis. The worldwide market for Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy is gaining moment substantially. This rising demand for Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy is due to increasing level of awareness about menopausal symptoms and its treatment. Another factor is growing population of post-menopausal women. Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy includes replenishment of body level of estrogen and progestin hormones in women through external intake of hormones. Thus, it help in treating the menopausal symptoms. It decreases the symptoms like vaginal dryness, hot flashes, disturbed sleep, night sweats and etc. The Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy helps in prevention of osteoporosis and hot flashes caused due to depletion of estrogen and progestin level in body. The Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy comprises of natural as well as synthetic estrogens. In order to enhance the menopausal treatment, it is also given in combination with progesterone.

Construction Lubricants Market by Base Oil (Mineral Oil and Synthetic Oil), Product Type (Hydraulic Fluid, Engine Oil, Gear Oil, Compressor Oil) and Equipment Type (Earthmoving, Material Handling, Heavy Construction Vehicle) - Global Forecast to 2022

As per an article in the Permanente Journal – a journal of medical science, social science in medicine, and medical humanities, the cost of treating critically ill patients crosses US$67 bn per year in the U.S. alone. The mortality rate is around 10% and even reaches up to 28% in ICU settings. In order to limit ICU deaths, healthcare professionals and hospital managers are actively exploring tele-intensive care services. This keen interest by healthcare professionals in tele-intensive care services is owing to the number of benefits these services can offer to providers and receivers of critical care. Tele-intensive care units have helped patients in keeping medication errors in check and have decreased the length of stay (LOS) in ICUs. This is driving the global tele-intensive care services market.

Degenerative Disc Disease treatment is one of most common cause of neck pain and lower back pain and greatly affects the quality of one's life. The symptoms of pain arise due to degeneration of one or more intervertebral discs of the spine. This pain condition is called as Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD) or Degenerative Disc Disorder. Intervertebral discs, also known as intervertebral fibrocartilage or spinal discs form padding between each vertebra of the spine and acts as shock absorber for vertebrae. These discs tend to degenerate with age due to loss of fluid in them and development of cracks and tears in the fibrous layer of the disc. Most of adults experience a back pain at some point in their lifetime and the pain or impairment of mobility is observed in as many as 80% of healthy adults between the ages of 30 and 50. Moreover, every person of age 65 and above is likely to be affected by this disease in form of stiffness and decreased flexibility. Therefore, tremendous population is vulnerable to this disease and poses significantly high market opportunity for degenerative disc disease treatment market.

The Ballistic Targeting System Software (BTS) is extensively utilized by professional shooters, hunters, and military services, and is used for the training of all types of shooters, including hunters, snipers, and target shooters. Though the market for BTS software is small, it is anticipated to grow steadily over the forecast period. Factors such as the ability of BTS to augment the firearm performance will result in its augmented adoption during the predicted period. With the help of BTS software, a user can compare the bullet trajectory and other parameters and make an informed shot.

Urology guidewires are used to guide the catheters through the blood vessels for placement. Based on the material coating, size, and design, urology guidewires are of different types. Urology guidewires are commonly placed within the urinary tract to provide access and security during endoscopic operations. The 150 cm length wires and .035, .038 diameter size are most commonly used. Hydrophilic guidewire require the least amount of force to blend the flexible tip. Based on wire type, urology guidewires are classified into extra stiff wires, hybrid wires etc. Extra stiff wires are commonly used for passage of ureteral access sheaths, catheters, and coaxial or balloon ureteral dilators. Hybrid wires are used for coaxial placement of stents and sheaths. Flexible-tip PTFE guidewires are highly preferred in standard conditions as hydrophilic guidewires are expensive. The innovation of next generation hybrid guidewires will create a significant opportunity for the global urology guidewires market. In 2015, C. R. Bard, Inc., launched next generation hybrid guidewires known as "Bard® Solo™ Plus Hybrid Guidewires" which is intended for use in facilitating the placement of endourological instruments during diagnostic or interventional procedures.

The global genomics and proteomics market reagents, research kits, and analytical instruments, which stood at US$23.8 bn in 2012, will log a strong 12.1% CAGR from 2013 through 2019, says Transparency Market Research in a new report. The market is thus projected to approximate US$52.3 bn in the next three years, i.e. by 2019. These findings and other key growth projections for the market are discussed in detail in a report, titled 'Genomics and Proteomics Reagents, Research Kits, and Analytical Instruments Market – Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 – 2019.

A new Transparency Market Research report states that the global anesthesia and respiratory devices market stood at US$11.2 bn in 2012 and is predicted to reach US$21.6 bn in 2019. It is expected to expand at a CAGR of 9.80% from 2013 to 2019. The title of the report is "Anesthesia and Respiratory Devices Market – Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 – 2019".

The falling prices of sequencing have fanned research and development in SNP genotyping and analysis. Moreover, an increasing demand for breeding livestock will prove conducive to the growth of the global SNP genotyping and analysis market, says TMR in a new market research report. According to the report, titled, 'SNP Genotyping and Analysis Market – Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 – 2019,' the market will exhibit strong growth over the next three years. The market, which approximated US$2.38 bn in 2012, is expected to grow in value to reach US$9.48 bn by 2019.

The integration of "smart" technologies in irrigation systems helped the agriculture industry in overcoming the shortcomings of traditional irrigation practices. By offering a variety of advantages, smart irrigation systems and solutions are being adopted in several parts of the world. Agriculturists and farmers, in particular, are promoting smart irrigation technologies on the grounds their key role in optimizing the usage of water. From checking the soil moisture levels to prepping up for changing weather conditions, a range of sensors and wireless communication technologies are lined together for facilitation smart irrigation. The advantage of these technologies remains long-terms as every drop of water saved with the help of smart irrigation amounts for a significant contribution to the global water conservation.

Simulation software helps in predicting any system's behavior in real world situations. Simulation software can be used to identify and estimate product's design, detect problems in the design, and test a system or a product with conditions that are complex to reproduce. Furthermore, it helps manufacturers to make improved decisions related to the design at much less cost, as they can make virtual models to face the forces from the real-world. Additionally, it helps in reducing the time to market, which is crucial for many industries including automotive and aerospace. The simulation software market is expected to reach US$16,721.5 mn in 2025 and is projected to expand at a CAGR of 9.33% during the period from 2017 to 2025.

Motion sensing is a rising technology that is transforming the way equipment interacts with machines and humans in the form of detection. Motion sensor is not only used in business and infotainment applications but also in routine activities in homes and other settings.

While the lighting product market is prospering as it finds new demands across the globe, the competitive landscape is largely fragmented owing to incrementing number of new entrants, according to a recent business and commerce study by Transparency Market Research (TMR). That being said, the analysts of the report have identified Panasonic Corporation, GE Lighting (General Electric), Koninklijke Philips N.V., Azoogi LED Lighting, and OSRAM Licht AG as a few companies who are currently ahead of the curve in the global lighting product market.

Quite a few providers of sludge dewatering equipment hold a prominent presence worldwide. Alfa Laval, Inc., Bilfinger Water Technologies GmbH, Dewaco Ltd., - the top three producers of sludge dewatering equipment – collectively held 55.37% of the market value in 2014. Alfa Laval especially holds a very strong global presence in sludge dewatering equipment.

London Stone one of the UK's most leading suppliers of natural stone recently held a special 'Show Garden' day hosted by the industry renowned RHS Malvern Spring Flower Show team. The day was set in the picturesque setting of the Malvern Hills and was a day packed full of fun whilst providing all attendees with a wondering insight into the amazing world of show gardens.

Automotive electric drive axle is an advancement to the conventional axle that is used to transmit power generated by the electric motor to the driving wheels. The electric drive axle uses an electric motor as its power source unlike the conventional internal combustion engine and the market for the same is flourishing on the back of increased emphasis on reducing pollution. According to this business intelligence report, the demand in the global automotive electric drive axle market will expand at a phenomenal CAGR of 36.84% during the forecast period of 2017 to 2025. The analysts of the report have estimated that the opportunities in the global automotive electric drive axle market will translate into a revenue of US$6.35 bn in 2025, substantially up from its evaluated worth of merely US$0.4 bn in 2016.

Cannula is a hollow tube with a retractable, sharp inner core inserted into an artery or a vein, or another body cavity, to administer intravenous fluids and medicines, and obtain blood samples. Cannula are available in different designs and configurations for ease of use which are dependent on the surgical technique or methods. During the cardiac surgery, venous cannula provides high flow in small spaces with minimal intrusion. Venous cannula is more compressed and dense than the standard cannula. Thus, it is easier to insert and remove, and improves the surgical view, especially during minimally invasive surgeries, as it reduces complications associated with minimally invasive surgeries.

Brucellosis is an extremely transmissible zoonotic infection. Bacterial genus Brucella is responsible for the infection. Brucella are transferred from animals to humans through consumption of infected foodstuff, undercooked meat, or unpasteurized milk from diseased animals; direct contact with an infected animal or their discharges; or inhalation of aerosols. According to the WHO, zoonotic diseases and infections are naturally transferred between vertebrate animals and humans. A zoonotic agent may be a fungus, virus, bacterium, or any other infectious disease agent. Brucellosis is an old disease that has been known by several names such as undulant fever, gastric remittent fever, Malta fever, and Mediterranean fever. Humans are unintended hosts, but brucellosis continues to be a highly significant community health concern at the global level and the most common zoonotic infection as well.

Membrane filtration, broadly employed in pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and chemical procedures, has already proved as a valuable means of cleaning and filtering waste liquid and industrial procedure liquid. Furthermore, use of spiral and tubular sheath plants to screen filths from drinking water has been recently started in areas where the traditional management proved to be wasteful.

Intraocular ophthalmic irrigation maintains the natural anatomic and physiologic integrity of eye. Intraocular ophthalmic irrigation finds applications in ophthalmic surgical procedures of the eye as well as to relieve symptoms of eye injury caused by chemicals or allergens. Intraocular irrigation solutions are formulated with chemical composition similar to secretions of the eye to achieve physiological pH of the eye to minimize eye discomfort. These are the first choice of treatment for exposure to irritant chemicals or removal of foreign particles from the eye. Acids and alkalis exposure results in severe eye damage and requires immediate medical intervention. Chemical injuries to the eye can result in temporary or permanent visual impairment. Early treatment can reduce the complications and prevent blindness. Chemical injuries to eye are generally caused at workplace, home, or as a result of criminal attacks. Occupational exposure to the chemicals is a leading cause of eye damage. Out of the total ocular trauma cases, about 20% are caused due to chemical injury.

Genetic engineering is a branch of biotechnology that deals with gene modifications or changes in genetic makeup. By using prolonged tissue culture in genetic engineering, viruses can be attenuated or modified. This results in the growth of a virus strain that is incapable to cause disease. This process is generally difficult to accomplish and reversion to virulence is a constant risk. Molecular genetic methods currently make promise to alter the genes or modify the genetic makeup of an organism, so that it converts irrevocably attenuated. Intentional removal of genes with a code for proteins associated with virulence is an interesting procedure. For instance, in swine with pseudorabies virus (PRV), a herpesvirus of swine, gene-deleted vaccines were first used. In this case, the herpesvirus, thymidine kinase gene was removed from pseudorabies herpesvirus. Thymidine kinase is highly important for latency of herpesvirus. Viruses from which the thymidine kinase gene has been removed can infect neurons. However, these viruses are incapable to replicate. Also, they cannot cause any disease. Similar genetic modification can be employed to limit the capability of bacteria to grow in vivo.

Vanadium is a very hard metal which is light silvery in color, brittle, and stable in dry air at room temperature. It ranks seventeenth among the metals available in the earth's crust but is considered to be rare as it is present in a dispersed form and its extraction and mining is very costly. Vanadium is not found in the elemental state but in a chemically combined form.

The global market for transformer oil is currently strongly consolidated in nature, and is likely to remain in a similar state over the coming years, according to a new research study by Transparency Market Research (TMR). The five leading players in the market – ExxonMobil, Shell, Nynas AB, and Sinopec – took up over 45% of its overall value in 2015. The key players are dedicating more of their assets on the developing of novel, safe, and green bio-based transformer oils to be made commercial at competitive prices, in an effort to reinforce their status in the global transformer oil market in the coming years.

Players exhibiting prominence in the global biopesticides market include Monsanta, BioWorks, Inc., AgriChem, Nufarm Agricultural Products, FMC Corporation, Syngenta, and Certis USA L.L.C., finds Transparency Market Research (TMR). The presence of robust sales and promotional channels in various countries help the top players cement their position in the global market, with many seeking to gain small shares in various regional markets in the coming years. In these regions, the entry of new players at the local scale is likely to make the landscape more fragmented over the years. Furthermore, new entrants may pose a threat to established players. Several players are also focusing on innovations in various product categories to stay ahead of their competitors.